In 1986, two Dutch researchers advanced a provocative hypothesis: many societies were undergoing a “Second Demographic Transition” that would lead to durably low birth rates and high degrees of ...

AS BIRTH ANNOUNCEMENTS go, it was momentous. On November 24th India’s government declared that the country’s fertility rate had dropped to 2.0 children per woman. That is below the replacement rate—at ...

In 1994, widespread concern over population growth brought world leaders together at the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), held in Cairo, Egypt, in 1994. Today, however, ...

Central Asia is entering a decisive demographic phase, with rapid population growth and a sharply expanding workforce, while Europe faces ageing societies and labour shortages. Central Asia’s ...

Central Asia’s population is projected to exceed 114 million by 2050, according to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). The region is moving in a different direction at a time when Europe and ...