Abstract: What can be simpler than designing with CMOS and BiCMOS? These technologies are very easy to use but they still require careful design. This tutorial discusses the odd case of circuits that ...

When a CMOS circuit is in an idle state there is still some static power dissipation–a result of leakage current through nominally off transistors. Both nMOS and pMOS transistors used in CMOS logic ...

Low power design has become a cornerstone of modern integrated circuit development, driven by energy efficiency demands and the challenges of scaling in nanometre technologies. Innovations in ...

Before we plunge headfirst into the fray with gusto and abandon (and aplomb, of course), let’s remind and reassure ourselves that—although the following discussions focus on the devices and ...

The history and continued need of small-scale integration ICs for digital-logic functions. How a serial-input/parallel-output shift register can expand I/O pins while ...

Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...